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Metabotropic glutamate receptor-dependent long-term potentiation.by: R. Anwy1
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Notes for this articleAnwyl 2009 review
mGluR-LTP in corticostriatal synapse is postsynaptical, AMPA mediated and needs PKA, DARPP-32 and Ca. Other Synapses also discussed here.
LTP dependent on Ca, sources are:
* NMDA * L-type Ca channel * TRP channel * intracellular stores
Interneurons - LTP by either mGluR1 (dominant) or mGluR5
Striatum - activation of both needed
NAcc - also both but with full redundancy?
NMDAR mediated trasmission
* principal cells of hippocampus (Jia 1998) and VTA * enhancement of NMDA transmission by stimulation of mGluR5 * 2A - activation necessary for mGluR5-LTP in mossy fiber-CA3 * D1/D5 activation needed for mGluR5-LTP in NAcc and Striatum (Gubellini 2003, Schotanus and Chergui 2008 a,b) * Ca essential for mGluR5-LTP (mGluR5 purely from cellular stores, IP3 receptor) * Pathways: o for NMDA PKC crucial, Src, o for AMPA NO, Src/ERK o AMPA in corticostriatal: PKA, DARPP-32/PP-1
FMRP - selective mRNA binding protein regulated by mGluR I that controls local translation of subset of mRNAs
Mechanisms of mGluR-LTP
* hippocampus-NMDA-postsynaptically-traffiking of NMDA (SNARE, PKC, PKA, Src)
* corticostriatal LTP is expressed postsynaptically * AMPA-mediated transmission on interneurons is mediated post-synaptically but expressed presynpatically (NO retrograde transmitter)
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AbstractThe induction of the most common form of LTP is well known to involve activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. However, considerable evidence has also shown that certain forms of LTP induction at excitatory synapses onto both principle cells and interneurons are dependent on activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). mGluR-dependent-LTP occurs in widespread areas of the brain including the neocortex, hippocampus, striatum and nucleus accumbens. mGluR-dependent forms of LTP have been found to be diverse, involving activation of mGluR1 or mGluR5 and can be of AMPAR-mediated transmission or of NMDAR-mediated transmission. Furthermore, the mGluR-dependent LTP may involve activation of other receptors, in particular, activation of NMDAR, dopamine and adenosine receptors. mGluR-dependent LTP can be expressed presynaptically or postsynaptically, and can involve a range of intracellular mediators including protein kinase C (PKC) and protein kinase A (PKA), tryrosine kinase Src and nitric oxide (NO).
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