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Structural artifacts in protein-ligand X-ray structures: implications for the development of docking scoring functions. Export

Journal of medicinal chemistry, Vol. 52, No. 18. (24 September 2009), pp. 5673-5684.

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crystallography pdbbind

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The development of docking scoring functions requires high-resolution 3D structures of protein-ligand complexes for which the binding affinity of the ligand has been measured experimentally. Protein-ligand binding affinities are measured in solution experiments, and high resolution protein-ligand structures can be determined only by X-ray crystallography. Protein-ligand scoring functions must therefore reproduce solution binding energies using analyses of proteins in a crystal environment. We present an analysis of the prevalence of crystal-induced artifacts and water-mediated contacts in protein-ligand complexes and demonstrate the effect that these can have on the performance of protein-ligand scoring functions. We find 36% of ligands in the PDBBind 2007 refined data set to be influenced by crystal contacts and find the performance of a scoring function to be affected by these. A Web server for detecting crystal contacts in protein-ligand complexes is available at http://enzyme.ucd.ie/LIGCRYST .


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