The words of the regulatory code are arranged in a variable manner in highly conserved enhancers. Export

@article{citeulike:2763057, abstract = {The cis-regulatory regions of many developmental regulators and transcription factors are believed to be highly conserved in the genomes of vertebrate species, suggesting specific regulatory mechanisms for these gene classes. We functionally characterized five notochord enhancers, whose sequence is highly conserved, and systematically mutated two of them. Two subregions were identified to be essential for expression in the notochord of the zebrafish embryo. Synthetic enhancers containing the two essential regions in front of a TATA-box drive expression in the notochord while concatemerization of the subregions alone is not sufficient, indicating that the combination of the two sequence elements is required for notochord expression. Both regions are present in the five functionally characterized notochord enhancers. However, the position, the distance and relative orientation of the two sequence motifs can vary substantially within the enhancer sequences. This suggests that the regulatory grammar itself does not dictate the high evolutionary conservation between these orthologous cis-regulatory sequences. Rather, it represents a less well-conserved layer of sequence organization within these sequences.}, address = {Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany; Institut de G\'{e}n\'{e}tique et de Biologie Mol\'{e}culaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, BP 163, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, C.U. de Strasbourg, France.}, author = {Rastegar, Sepand and Hess, Isabell and Dickmeis, Thomas and Nicod, Jean Christophe C. and Ertzer, Raymond and Hadzhiev, Yavor and Thies, Wolf-Gerolf G. and Scherer, Gerd and Str\"{a}hle, Uwe}, citeulike-article-id = {2763057}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.03.034}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18455719}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=18455719}, citeulike-linkout-3 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WDG-4S6P23S-1/1/0a949dc2a5d661cb70c1006108c04231}, day = {15}, doi = {10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.03.034}, issn = {1095-564X}, journal = {Developmental biology}, keywords = {cns-differences, cns-enhancer-screen, cns-similarity, core, notconserved}, month = {June}, number = {2}, pages = {366--377}, posted-at = {2008-05-06 23:57:24}, priority = {2}, title = {The words of the regulatory code are arranged in a variable manner in highly conserved enhancers.}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.03.034}, volume = {318}, year = {2008} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:2763057 L3 - citeulike-article-id:2763057 N2 - The cis-regulatory regions of many developmental regulators and transcription factors are believed to be highly conserved in the genomes of vertebrate species, suggesting specific regulatory mechanisms for these gene classes. We functionally characterized five notochord enhancers, whose sequence is highly conserved, and systematically mutated two of them. Two subregions were identified to be essential for expression in the notochord of the zebrafish embryo. Synthetic enhancers containing the two essential regions in front of a TATA-box drive expression in the notochord while concatemerization of the subregions alone is not sufficient, indicating that the combination of the two sequence elements is required for notochord expression. Both regions are present in the five functionally characterized notochord enhancers. However, the position, the distance and relative orientation of the two sequence motifs can vary substantially within the enhancer sequences. This suggests that the regulatory grammar itself does not dictate the high evolutionary conservation between these orthologous cis-regulatory sequences. Rather, it represents a less well-conserved layer of sequence organization within these sequences. IS - 2 JF - Developmental biology SN - 1095-564X AD - Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany; Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, BP 163, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, C.U. de Strasbourg, France. EP - 377 TI - The words of the regulatory code are arranged in a variable manner in highly conserved enhancers. VL - 318 SP - 366 KW - cns-differences KW - cns-enhancer-screen KW - cns-similarity KW - core KW - notconserved AU - Rastegar, Sepand AU - Hess, Isabell AU - Dickmeis, Thomas AU - Nicod, Jean Christophe AU - Ertzer, Raymond AU - Hadzhiev, Yavor AU - Thies, Wolf-Gerolf AU - Scherer, Gerd AU - Strähle, Uwe PY - 2008/06/15/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.03.034 ER -