Endocannabinoids may mediate the ability of (n-3) fatty acids to reduce ectopic fat and inflammatory mediators in obese Zucker rats. Export

@article{citeulike:5488568, abstract = {Dietary (n-3) long-chain PUFA [(n-3) LCPUFA] ameliorate several metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, although the mechanisms of these beneficial effects are not fully understood. In this study, we compared the effects of dietary (n-3) LCPUFA, in the form of either fish oil (FO) or krill oil (KO) balanced for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content, with a control (C) diet containing no EPA and DHA and similar contents of oleic, linoleic, and alpha-linolenic acids, on ectopic fat and inflammation in Zucker rats, a model of obesity and related metabolic dysfunction. Diets were fed for 4 wk. Given the emerging evidence for an association between elevated endocannabinoid concentrations and metabolic syndrome, we also measured tissue endocannabinoid concentrations. In (n-3) LCPUFA-supplemented rats, liver triglycerides and the peritoneal macrophage response to an inflammatory stimulus were significantly lower than in rats fed the control diet, and heart triglycerides were lower, but only in KO-fed rats. These effects were associated with a lower concentration of the endocannabinoids, anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, in the visceral adipose tissue and of anandamide in the liver and heart, which, in turn, was associated with lower levels of arachidonic acid in membrane phospholipids, but not with higher activity of endocannabinoid-degrading enzymes. Our data suggest that the beneficial effects of a diet enriched with (n-3) LCPUFA are the result of changes in membrane fatty acid composition. The reduction of substrates for inflammatory molecules and endocannabinoids may account for the dampened inflammatory response and the physiological reequilibration of body fat deposition in obese rats.}, author = {Batetta, Barbara and Griinari, Mikko and Carta, Gianfranca and Murru, Elisabetta and Ligresti, Alessia and Cordeddu, Lina and Giordano, Elena and Sanna, Francesca and Bisogno, Tiziana and Uda, Sabrina and Collu, Maria and Bruheim, Inge and Di Marzo, Vincenzo and Banni, Sebastiano}, citeulike-article-id = {5488568}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.109.104844}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19549757}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=19549757}, day = {23}, doi = {10.3945/jn.109.104844}, issn = {1541-6100}, journal = {The Journal of nutrition}, keywords = {fat, heart, krill, liver, oil}, month = {August}, number = {8}, pages = {1495--1501}, posted-at = {2009-08-20 00:12:12}, priority = {2}, title = {Endocannabinoids may mediate the ability of (n-3) fatty acids to reduce ectopic fat and inflammatory mediators in obese Zucker rats.}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.109.104844}, volume = {139}, year = {2009} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:5488568 L3 - citeulike-article-id:5488568 N2 - Dietary (n-3) long-chain PUFA [(n-3) LCPUFA] ameliorate several metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, although the mechanisms of these beneficial effects are not fully understood. In this study, we compared the effects of dietary (n-3) LCPUFA, in the form of either fish oil (FO) or krill oil (KO) balanced for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content, with a control (C) diet containing no EPA and DHA and similar contents of oleic, linoleic, and alpha-linolenic acids, on ectopic fat and inflammation in Zucker rats, a model of obesity and related metabolic dysfunction. Diets were fed for 4 wk. Given the emerging evidence for an association between elevated endocannabinoid concentrations and metabolic syndrome, we also measured tissue endocannabinoid concentrations. In (n-3) LCPUFA-supplemented rats, liver triglycerides and the peritoneal macrophage response to an inflammatory stimulus were significantly lower than in rats fed the control diet, and heart triglycerides were lower, but only in KO-fed rats. These effects were associated with a lower concentration of the endocannabinoids, anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, in the visceral adipose tissue and of anandamide in the liver and heart, which, in turn, was associated with lower levels of arachidonic acid in membrane phospholipids, but not with higher activity of endocannabinoid-degrading enzymes. Our data suggest that the beneficial effects of a diet enriched with (n-3) LCPUFA are the result of changes in membrane fatty acid composition. The reduction of substrates for inflammatory molecules and endocannabinoids may account for the dampened inflammatory response and the physiological reequilibration of body fat deposition in obese rats. IS - 8 JF - The Journal of nutrition SN - 1541-6100 EP - 1501 TI - Endocannabinoids may mediate the ability of (n-3) fatty acids to reduce ectopic fat and inflammatory mediators in obese Zucker rats. VL - 139 SP - 1495 KW - fat KW - heart KW - krill KW - liver KW - oil AU - Batetta, Barbara AU - Griinari, Mikko AU - Carta, Gianfranca AU - Murru, Elisabetta AU - Ligresti, Alessia AU - Cordeddu, Lina AU - Giordano, Elena AU - Sanna, Francesca AU - Bisogno, Tiziana AU - Uda, Sabrina AU - Collu, Maria AU - Bruheim, Inge AU - Di Marzo, Vincenzo AU - Banni, Sebastiano PY - 2009/08/23/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.109.104844 ER -