Laser Brillouin spectroscopy was used to determine the adiabatic single-crystal elastic stiffness coefficients of silicon dioxide (SiO2) in the [agr]-cristobalite structure. This SiO2 polymorph, unlike other silicas and silicates, exhibits a negative Poisson's ratio; [agr]-cristobalite contracts laterally when compressed and expands laterally when stretched. Tensorial analysis of the elastic coefficients shows that Poisson's ratio reaches a maximum value of -0.5 in some directions, whereas averaged values for the single-phased aggregate yield a Poisson's ratio of -0.16. 10.1126/science.257.5070.650