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Proportionnalité et Pourcentage Chez des Apprentis Vendeurs. Réflexion sur la Relation Mathématiques / Réalité dans une Formation 'en Alternance' Export

Educational Studies in Mathematics, Vol. 39, No. 1. (29 June 1999), pp. 229-249.

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apprentices percentages practice proportionality retailing tml-project training vocational workplace

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Abstract  This article presents the results of a research study conducted with apprentices in order to examine the double hypothesis that vocational training incorporating work placement gives the opportunity to construct authentic situations out of the everyday practices of students and that these situations allow students to improve their understanding of mathematical problems. After analysis of workplace situations had shown that the only mathematical concept used by apprentices was that of proportionality applied to percentage calculations, we first analysed the way in which students at several levels handled this idea of percentage. We then devised an experimental framework in order to help the apprentices to transfer their knowledge. RSUM: Cet article prsente les rsultats d'une recherche mene avec des apprentis vendeurs afin de vrifier la double hypothse qu'un enseignement professionnel en alternance donne l'opportunit de construire des situations authentiques, partir des pratiques quotidiennes des lves et que ces situations permettent aux lves d'amliorer leur comprhension des problmes mathmatiques. L'analyse des situations de travail ayant montr que le seul concept mathmatique dont les apprentis ont l'usage est le concept de proportionnalit appliqu aux calculs de pourcentage, nous avons d'abord analys le comportement d'lves de plusieurs niveaux face cette notion de pourcentage. Nous avons ensuite mis en place un dispositif exprimental afin d'aider les apprentis transfrer leurs connaissances.


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