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(22 November 2010)
Abstract
The summary report for the 2010 Enterprise and Entrepreneurship in Higher Education National Survey of English universities is now complete. A few key highlights from survey, with a 92% response rate, are: • 16% of the student population are engaged in enterprise and entrepreneurship; a 50% increase on 2007; • 63% of universities have enterprise and entrepreneurship as part of their core mission; • More start ups than ever are being created through our universities: up 27% from 2007. There are challenges ahead but ...
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Abstract
This article provides a review and analysis of institutional entrepreneurship research with a focus on the emergence of this literature within two largely divergent streams: sociology-based institutional theory and economics-based institutional economics. The authors completed a review of 141 articles from these concurrent, but unlinked, research streams to understand how their integration might contribute to the further understanding of institutional entrepreneurship. Each stream is reviewed on its respective approaches to the following topics: the nature of the institutional entrepreneur, the types ...
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Abstract
This paper addresses technological entrepreneurship by University graduates, in Portugal and Italy. The paper builds on previous research indicating that graduate technological entrepreneurs show a number of strengths and weaknesses in the process of setting up a new technology-based company. Such strengths and weaknesses are associated with their age and limited credibility, with the particular set of competencies and skills they are likely possess, with the resources they can access and the relationships they are able to establish. The empirical research ...
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Journal of European Industrial Training, Vol. 23, No. 3. (0 1999), pp. 127-39
Abstract
A survey of 245 participants in the Scottish Graduate Enterprise Programme, 1983-91 found that at least half started a business (about half of them female), finance was their primary constraint, and the graduate program helped those with enough motivation to convert their ideas into a business. (SK) ...
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Abstract
<B>Purpose</B> - The primary purpose of this literature review paper is to address the question why it is difficult to define entrepreneurship despite the amount of research that has taken place in the field. In addition, the paper also aims to demonstrate how the struggle to define entrepreneurship has impacted on entrepreneurial careers in Kenya. <B>Design/methodology/approach</B> - The paper reviewed literature on different approaches used by researchers in the struggle to define entrepreneurship. It focused mainly on the trait, behavioral and ...
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Abstract
This article presents a case study of the work performance of an academic entrepreneur as he sets about creating a new organization within a large tertiary educational institution. Description and analysis of many of the entrepreneurial functions are provided. Particular attention is given to the charismatic#shinspirational qualities of the academic entrepreneur and his difficulty in successfully performing both the leadership and the managerial functions. The conclusion is drawn that entrepreneurship is likely to be undertaken by people who are more suited ...
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Abstract
This paper examines the evidence for the existence of a link between social capital and the propensity to become an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurship is proxied by self-employment and the influence of social capital is indicated both indirectly in aggregate-level data analysis and directly in micro-level data. The results suggest a modest, but heretofore neglected influence of social capital on entrepreneurship levels and suggest a reason why existing research on self-employment has tended to produce inconclusive and inconsistent results. ...
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Abstract
The role of personality traits in the decision to start a business and to maintain it successfully is discussed controversially in entrepreneurship research. Our meta-analysis builds upon and extends earlier meta-analyses by doing a full analysis of personality traits that includes a comparison of different traits from a theoretical perspective and by analysing a full set of personality predictors for both start-up activities as well as success. Theoretically, our article adds to the literature by matching traits to the tasks of ...
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Abstract
Entrepreneurship can be advanced by identifying other theories of human behavior that can be transferred to the study of the field. Research paradigms such as the contingency and transactional models of leadership hold great promise. Entrepreneurial behaviors are complexly determined and require research models that reflect the richness of the processes exhibited. A social psychological approach to the field has not yet matured. Future research using more sophisticated behavioral models will have significant impact on the understanding of the development of ...
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Abstract
A sample of 337 men and women were grouped according to their perception of their parent entrepreneur's performance or the absence of such a role model. The groups were assessed on relationships between personality variables and entrepreneurial career preference variables. Personality and entrepreneurial career preference were complementary for individuals with a parent perceived to be a high performer. An inverse relationship between personality and entrepreneurial career preference was observed for both individuals with a parent entrepreneur perceived to be a low ...
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Abstract
10.1177/0149206309335187 A set of meta-analyses were conducted to examine the relationship of personality to outcomes associated with two different stages of the entrepreneurial process: entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurial performance. A broad range of personality scales were categorized into a parsimonious set of constructs using the Five Factor model of personality. The results show that four of the Big Five personality dimensions were associated with both dependent variables, with agreeableness failing to be associated with either. Multivariate effect sizes were moderate ...
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Abstract
This article analyses the enterprise' discourse (Miller & Rose, 1990; Rose, 1989) that endeavours to reinvent employees as responsible, autonomous, self-regulating, customer-focused, team players. In this study of a major UK bank, the staff both endorsed and turned the enterprise discourse back on management and so the boundaries between dissent and consent are blurred. The case study highlights that enterprise does not arrive fully formed and can be a weapon of employees rather than simply a tool of those who ...
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Abstract
Abstract The article makes three contributions to the economics literature on entrepreneurship. We offer a new measure of entrepreneurship which accounts for variations in persistence in self-employment and as a result avoids the weakness of approaches which categorise an individual as an entrepreneur by observing their occupation at just one point in their career. We outline an econometric methodology to account for this approach and find, via a statistical test of model selection, that it is superior to probit/logit models, which have ...
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Abstract
The purpose of this article is to explore different themes within entrepreneurship education via the use of a systematic literature review (SLR). Systematic literature reviews are recognized methods for conducting evidence-based policy. The particular approach to the SLR used in this study is explained and the article explores the findings outlining a thematic framework drawn from narrative coding. The findings support the conclusion that entrepreneurship education has had an impact on student propensity and intentionality. What is unclear is the extent ...
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Social Science Research Network Working Paper Series (02 May 2007)
Abstract
The relationships between gender, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intentions were examined for two sample groups: adolescents and adult master of business administration (MBA) students. Similar gender effects on entrepreneurial self-efficacy are shown for both groups and support earlier research on the relationship between self-efficacy and career intentions. Additionally, the effects of entrepreneurship education in MBA programs on entrepreneurial self-efficacy proved stronger for women than for men. Implications for educators and policy makers were discussed, and areas for future research outlined. ...
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Journal of Labour Economics, Vol. 16, No. 1. (1998), pp. 26-60
Abstract
The factors that affect the supply of entrepreneurs are importantbut poorly understood. We study a sample of individuals whochoose either to be employees or to run their own businesses. ...
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Abstract
The idea of `Enterprise' has been extensively used in recent years as a way to understand the principles underlying the reinvention of organizations and employees. It tends to be used as a counterfactual to `bureaucracy'. However, we ...
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Learning and Teaching in HE (November 2009)
Abstract
Entrepreneurial learning is enhanced when learners: •are immersed in authentic or near-real experiences (transformed into knowledge and understanding-1) •are able to reflect on these experiences •are able to synthesise key concepts by construction of links between theory and practice (a deep approach to learning-2) •are motivated and engaged •are allowed to imitate, experiment (play) in a safe (low-risk) environment Simulations, case-studies, role-plays and, more recently, computer-based simulations (hereafter collectively referred to as “simulation(s)”) are the commonly used experiential teaching “tools” employed to approximate realistic experiences. Although becoming more ...
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