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Shaping the calcium signature Export

New Phytologist, Vol. 181, No. 2. (2009), pp. 275-294.

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calcium plants

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Summary  275 Introduction  276 Ca2+ signalling pathways  276 Shaping Ca2+ signatures  278 Ca2+ influx channels  278 Ca2+ influx channels as modulators of Ca2+ signatures  281 Ca2+ efflux transporters  282 Ca2+ efflux transporters as modulators of Ca2+ signatures  284 The shaping of noncytosolic Ca2+ signatures  285 Future insights into the role of Ca2+ oscillators from modelling studies  287 Conclusions and perspectives  288 Acknowledgements  288 References  288 In numerous plant signal transduction pathways, Ca2+ is a versatile second messenger which controls the activation of many downstream actions in response to various stimuli. There is strong evidence to indicate that information encoded within these stimulus-induced Ca2+ oscillations can provide signalling specificity. Such Ca2+ signals, or 'Ca2+ signatures', are generated in the cytosol, and in noncytosolic locations including the nucleus and chloroplast, through the coordinated action of Ca2+ influx and efflux pathways. An increased understanding of the functions and regulation of these various Ca2+ transporters has improved our appreciation of the role these transporters play in specifically shaping the Ca2+ signatures. Here we review the evidence which indicates that Ca2+ channel, Ca2+-ATPase and Ca2+ exchanger isoforms can indeed modulate specific Ca2+ signatures in response to an individual signal. New Phytologist (2009) 181: 2752013294doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02682.x


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