Duration of antiviral immunity after smallpox vaccination. Export

@article{citeulike:3430025, abstract = {Although naturally occurring smallpox was eliminated through the efforts of the World Health Organization Global Eradication Program, it remains possible that smallpox could be intentionally released. Here we examine the magnitude and duration of antiviral immunity induced by one or more smallpox vaccinations. We found that more than 90\% of volunteers vaccinated 25-75 years ago still maintain substantial humoral or cellular immunity (or both) against vaccinia, the virus used to vaccinate against smallpox. Antiviral antibody responses remained stable between 1-75 years after vaccination, whereas antiviral T-cell responses declined slowly, with a half-life of 8-15 years. If these levels of immunity are considered to be at least partially protective, then the morbidity and mortality associated with an intentional smallpox outbreak would be substantially reduced because of pre-existing immunity in a large number of previously vaccinated individuals.}, author = {Hammarlund, E. and Lewis, M. W. and Hansen, S. G. and Strelow, L. I. and Nelson, J. A. and Sexton, G. J. and Hanifin, J. M. and Slifka, M. K.}, citeulike-article-id = {3430025}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm917}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12925846}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=12925846}, doi = {10.1038/nm917}, issn = {1078-8956}, journal = {Nature medicine}, keywords = {75, duration, smallpox, vaccination}, month = {September}, number = {9}, pages = {1131--1137}, posted-at = {2008-10-20 07:30:02}, priority = {2}, title = {Duration of antiviral immunity after smallpox vaccination.}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm917}, volume = {9}, year = {2003} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:3430025 L3 - citeulike-article-id:3430025 N2 - Although naturally occurring smallpox was eliminated through the efforts of the World Health Organization Global Eradication Program, it remains possible that smallpox could be intentionally released. Here we examine the magnitude and duration of antiviral immunity induced by one or more smallpox vaccinations. We found that more than 90% of volunteers vaccinated 25-75 years ago still maintain substantial humoral or cellular immunity (or both) against vaccinia, the virus used to vaccinate against smallpox. Antiviral antibody responses remained stable between 1-75 years after vaccination, whereas antiviral T-cell responses declined slowly, with a half-life of 8-15 years. If these levels of immunity are considered to be at least partially protective, then the morbidity and mortality associated with an intentional smallpox outbreak would be substantially reduced because of pre-existing immunity in a large number of previously vaccinated individuals. IS - 9 JF - Nature medicine SN - 1078-8956 EP - 1137 TI - Duration of antiviral immunity after smallpox vaccination. VL - 9 SP - 1131 KW - 75 KW - duration KW - smallpox KW - vaccination AU - Hammarlund, E AU - Lewis, MW AU - Hansen, SG AU - Strelow, LI AU - Nelson, JA AU - Sexton, GJ AU - Hanifin, JM AU - Slifka, MK PY - 2003/09// UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm917 ER -