Non-invasive stress-free application of glucocorticoid ligands in mice.

@article{citeulike:2454007, abstract = {Most drug delivery procedures induce stress, which might interfere with the pharmacological action of the drug and behaviour. Stress is deduced from high and long-lasting elevations of the hormone corticosterone. We set out to develop a non-invasive, stress-free method of drug delivery in mice. Validation consisted of delivery of glucocorticoid ligands via oats to male C57BL/6J mice. Oat consumption induced a small increase in corticosterone concentrations after 15min (<50ng/ml) that returned to low resting levels at t=30 (<10ng/ml). Gavage and intraperitoneal (i.p.) vehicle injections resulted in long-lasting corticosterone elevations (>100ng/ml at t=30 and approximately 50ng/ml at t=60min after delivery). Adding corticosterone to oats resulted in threefold higher plasma corticosterone in the 15.0-mg/kg group (+/-250ng/ml) compared to the 4.5-mg/kg group at t=30 and 90. Application of the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist RU38486 (200mg/kg) elevated plasma corticosterone for at least 8h. Additional swimming increased corticosterone even further. Presumably, already the small oat-consumption-induced increase of corticosterone requires negative feedback via glucocorticoid receptors. In conclusion, the context-dependent and dose-controlled application of drugs via oats avoids confounding strong stress system activation and makes it suitable for studies on learning and memory processes.}, address = {Division of Medical Pharmacology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.}, author = {Dalm, Sergiu and Brinks, Vera and van der Mark, Maaike H H. and de Kloet, E Ron R. and Oitzl, Melly S S.}, citeulike-article-id = {2454007}, doi = {10.1016/j.jneumeth.2007.12.021}, issn = {0165-0270}, journal = {J Neurosci Methods}, month = {January}, posted-at = {2008-03-01 23:32:49}, priority = {2}, title = {Non-invasive stress-free application of glucocorticoid ligands in mice.}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2007.12.021}, year = {2008} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:2454007 L3 - citeulike-article-id:2454007 N2 - Most drug delivery procedures induce stress, which might interfere with the pharmacological action of the drug and behaviour. Stress is deduced from high and long-lasting elevations of the hormone corticosterone. We set out to develop a non-invasive, stress-free method of drug delivery in mice. Validation consisted of delivery of glucocorticoid ligands via oats to male C57BL/6J mice. Oat consumption induced a small increase in corticosterone concentrations after 15min (<50ng/ml) that returned to low resting levels at t=30 (<10ng/ml). Gavage and intraperitoneal (i.p.) vehicle injections resulted in long-lasting corticosterone elevations (>100ng/ml at t=30 and approximately 50ng/ml at t=60min after delivery). Adding corticosterone to oats resulted in threefold higher plasma corticosterone in the 15.0-mg/kg group (+/-250ng/ml) compared to the 4.5-mg/kg group at t=30 and 90. Application of the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist RU38486 (200mg/kg) elevated plasma corticosterone for at least 8h. Additional swimming increased corticosterone even further. Presumably, already the small oat-consumption-induced increase of corticosterone requires negative feedback via glucocorticoid receptors. In conclusion, the context-dependent and dose-controlled application of drugs via oats avoids confounding strong stress system activation and makes it suitable for studies on learning and memory processes. JF - J Neurosci Methods SN - 0165-0270 AD - Division of Medical Pharmacology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. TI - Non-invasive stress-free application of glucocorticoid ligands in mice. AU - Dalm, Sergiu AU - Brinks, Vera AU - van der Mark, Maaike H AU - de Kloet, E Ron AU - Oitzl, Melly S PY - 2008/01/16/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2007.12.021 ER -