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A Topos Foundation for Theories of Physics: I. Formal Languages for Physicsby: A. Doering, C. J. Isham
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AbstractThis paper is the first in a series whose goal is to develop a fundamentallynew way of constructing theories of physics. The motivation comes from a desireto address certain deep issues that arise when contemplating quantum theoriesof space and time. Our basic contention is that constructing a theory ofphysics is equivalent to finding a representation in a topos of a certainformal language that is attached to the system. Classical physics arises whenthe topos is the category of sets. Other types of theory employ a differenttopos. In this paper we discuss two different types of language that can beattached to a system, S. The first is a propositional language, PL(S); thesecond is a higher-order, typed language L(S). Both languages provide deductivesystems with an intuitionistic logic. The reason for introducing PL(S) is that,as shown in paper II of the series, it is the easiest way of understanding, andexpanding on, the earlier work on topos theory and quantum physics. However,the main thrust of our programme utilises the more powerful language L(S) andits representation in an appropriate topos.
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