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CD28 provides T cell costimulation and enhances PI3K activity at the immune synapse independently of its capacity to interact with the p85/p110 heterodimer. |
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AbstractActivation of PI3K is among the earliest signaling events observed in T cells after conjugate formation with antigen presenting cells (APCs). The relevant PI3K catalytic isoform and relative contribution of the TcR and CD28 to PI3K activity at the immune synapse have not been determined unequivocally. Here we show, using a quantitative imaging-based assay, that the PI3K activity at the T cell - APC contact area is dependent on the p110delta but not the p110gamma, isoform of PI3K. CD28 enhanced PIP3 production at the T cell synapse independently of its YMNM PI3K-recruitment motif which instead was required for efficient PKC recruitment. CD28 could partially compensate for the lack of p110delta activity during T cell activation which indicates that CD28 and p110delta act in parallel and complementary pathways to activate T cells. Consistent with this, CD28 and p110delta double deficient mice were severely immune compromised. We therefore suggest that combined pharmaceutical targeting of p110delta activity and CD28 costimulation has potent therapeutic potential.
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