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Bounded Independence Fools Halfspaces |
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Notes for this articleA distribution ϵ-fools a function if ϵ bounds the difference between the expected value of the function on the fooling distribution and the expected value of the function on a uniform distribution. A distribution on sign-valued vectors need only be k-wise independent to fool a halfspace.
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AbstractWe show that any distribution on -1,1^n that is k-wise independent fools any halfspace h with error \eps for k = O(\log^2(1/\eps) /\eps^2). Up to logarithmic factors, our result matches a lower bound by Benjamini, Gurel-Gurevich, and Peled (2007) showing that k = Ω(1/(\eps^2 ⋅ \log(1/\eps))). Using standard constructions of k-wise independent distributions, we obtain the first explicit pseudorandom generators G: -1,1^s --> -1,1^n that fool halfspaces. Specifically, we fool halfspaces with error eps and seed length s = k \log n = O(\log n ⋅ \log^2(1/\eps) /\eps^2). Our approach combines classical tools from real approximation theory with structural results on halfspaces by Servedio (Computational Complexity 2007).
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