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Internal Model Reproduces Anticipatory Neural Activity Export

(1999)

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biological neural networks suggests that chains of neurons with anticipatory activity underlie formation of novel associative chains. In conclusion, anticipatory activity seems to reflect the processing of an internal model. Introduction In a famous experiment by Pavlov (1927), a dog was trained with the ringing of a bell (stimulus) followed by food delivery (reinforcer). In the first trial, the animal salivated when food was presented. After several trials, salivation started when the bell was rung. This finding suggests that the salivation response following the bell ring reflects anticipation of food delivery. A large body of experimental evidence led to the hypothesis that Pavlovian learning is dependent upon the degree of unpredictability of the reinforcer (Rescorla & Wagner 1972; Dickinson 1980). According to this hypothesis, reinforcers become progressively less efficient for behavioral adaptation as their predictability grows during the course of learning. The difference b


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