Tentacles of Venom: Toxic Protein Convergence in the Kingdom Animalia Export

@article{citeulike:4198796, abstract = {Abstract\ \ The origin and evolution of venom in many animal orders remain controversial or almost entirely uninvestigated. Here we use cDNA studies of cephalopod posterior and anterior glands to reveal a single early origin of the associated secreted proteins. Protein types recoverd were CAP (CRISP, Antigen 5 [Ag5] and Pathogenesis-related [PR-1]), chitinase, peptidase S1, PLA2 (phospholipase A2), and six novel peptide types. CAP, chitinase, and PLA2 were each recovered from a single species (Hapalochlaena maculosa, Octopus kaurna, and Sepia latimanus, respectively), while peptidase S1 transcripts were found in large numbers in all three posterior gland libraries. In addition, peptidase S1 transcripts were recovered from the anterior gland of H. maculata. We compare their molecular evolution to that of related proteins found in invertebrate and vertebrate venoms, revealing striking similarities in the types of proteins selected for toxic mutation and thus shedding light on what makes a protein amenable for use as a toxin.}, author = {Fry, B. and Roelants, K. and Norman, J.}, citeulike-article-id = {4198796}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00239-009-9223-8}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/h18j4l7180033227}, doi = {10.1007/s00239-009-9223-8}, journal = {Journal of Molecular Evolution}, keywords = {coevolution, conflict, predator\_prey}, posted-at = {2009-04-17 18:26:37}, priority = {2}, title = {Tentacles of Venom: Toxic Protein Convergence in the Kingdom Animalia}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00239-009-9223-8} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:4198796 L3 - citeulike-article-id:4198796 N2 - Abstract  The origin and evolution of venom in many animal orders remain controversial or almost entirely uninvestigated. Here we use cDNA studies of cephalopod posterior and anterior glands to reveal a single early origin of the associated secreted proteins. Protein types recoverd were CAP (CRISP, Antigen 5 [Ag5] and Pathogenesis-related [PR-1]), chitinase, peptidase S1, PLA2 (phospholipase A2), and six novel peptide types. CAP, chitinase, and PLA2 were each recovered from a single species (Hapalochlaena maculosa, Octopus kaurna, and Sepia latimanus, respectively), while peptidase S1 transcripts were found in large numbers in all three posterior gland libraries. In addition, peptidase S1 transcripts were recovered from the anterior gland of H. maculata. We compare their molecular evolution to that of related proteins found in invertebrate and vertebrate venoms, revealing striking similarities in the types of proteins selected for toxic mutation and thus shedding light on what makes a protein amenable for use as a toxin. JF - Journal of Molecular Evolution TI - Tentacles of Venom: Toxic Protein Convergence in the Kingdom Animalia KW - coevolution KW - conflict KW - predator_prey AU - Fry, B AU - Roelants, K AU - Norman, J UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00239-009-9223-8 ER -