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Genomics of the evolutionary process Export

Trends in Ecology & Evolution In Twenty years of TREE - part I, Vol. 21, No. 6. (June 2006), pp. 316-321.

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evolutionary genomics of process the

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Comparative analysis of genome sequences has become the primary means by which functional elements are first identified, often preceding even the identification of their function. Although this approach capitalizes on the conservation of homologous functions, it has also been successful in identifying evolutionary novelties, including new genes and pathways. As I discuss here, the analysis of multiple alignments of sequences from species on a known phylogeny has provided rich detail about the heterogeneities in the process of genome changes. Inferences of positive selection acting on protein-encoding genes have provided clues about the role of adaptive evolution in the past. These methods also identify negatively selected genes, providing some clue to genes that are most likely to be mutable to a disease-causing state.


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