Intrinsic Musculoskeletal Properties Stabilize Wiping Movements in the Spinalized Frog Export

@article{citeulike:777794, abstract = {The mechanical stability properties of hindlimb-hindlimb wiping movements of the spinalized frog were examined. One hindlimb, the wiping limb, was implanted with 12 electromyographic (EMG) electrodes and attached to a robot that both recorded its trajectory and applied brief force perturbations. Cutaneous electrical stimulation was applied to the other hindlimb, the target limb, to evoke the hindlimb-hindlimb wiping reflex. Kinematic and EMG data from both unperturbed trials and trials in which a phasic perturbation was applied were collected from each spinalized frog. In the perturbed behaviors, we found that the initially large displacement attributable to the perturbation was compensated such that the final position was statistically indistinguishable from the unperturbed final position in all of the frogs, thus indicating the dynamic stability of these movements. This stability was robust to the range of perturbation amplitudes and nominal kinematic variation observed in this study. In addition, we investigated the extent to which intrinsic viscoelastic properties of the limb and proprioceptive feedback play a role in stabilizing the movements. No significant changes were seen in the EMGs after the perturbation. Furthermore, deafferentation of the wiping limb did not significantly affect the stability of the wiping reflex. Thus, we found that the intrinsic viscoelastic properties of the hindlimb conferred robust stability properties to the hindlimb-hindlimb wiping behavior. This stability mechanism may simplify the control required by the frog spinal motor systems to produce successful movements in an unpredictable and varying environment. 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4945-04.2005}, author = {Richardson, Andrew G. and Slotine, Jean-Jacques E. and Bizzi, Emilio and Tresch, Matthew C.}, citeulike-article-id = {777794}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4945}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/content/abstract/25/12/3181}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15788775}, citeulike-linkout-3 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=15788775}, day = {23}, doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4945}, journal = {J. Neurosci.}, keywords = {equilibrium-point, frog, non-linear, passive-dynamic, reflex, stability}, month = {March}, number = {12}, pages = {3181--3191}, posted-at = {2006-07-28 12:52:26}, priority = {2}, title = {Intrinsic Musculoskeletal Properties Stabilize Wiping Movements in the Spinalized Frog}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4945}, volume = {25}, year = {2005} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:777794 L3 - citeulike-article-id:777794 N2 - The mechanical stability properties of hindlimb-hindlimb wiping movements of the spinalized frog were examined. One hindlimb, the wiping limb, was implanted with 12 electromyographic (EMG) electrodes and attached to a robot that both recorded its trajectory and applied brief force perturbations. Cutaneous electrical stimulation was applied to the other hindlimb, the target limb, to evoke the hindlimb-hindlimb wiping reflex. Kinematic and EMG data from both unperturbed trials and trials in which a phasic perturbation was applied were collected from each spinalized frog. In the perturbed behaviors, we found that the initially large displacement attributable to the perturbation was compensated such that the final position was statistically indistinguishable from the unperturbed final position in all of the frogs, thus indicating the dynamic stability of these movements. This stability was robust to the range of perturbation amplitudes and nominal kinematic variation observed in this study. In addition, we investigated the extent to which intrinsic viscoelastic properties of the limb and proprioceptive feedback play a role in stabilizing the movements. No significant changes were seen in the EMGs after the perturbation. Furthermore, deafferentation of the wiping limb did not significantly affect the stability of the wiping reflex. Thus, we found that the intrinsic viscoelastic properties of the hindlimb conferred robust stability properties to the hindlimb-hindlimb wiping behavior. This stability mechanism may simplify the control required by the frog spinal motor systems to produce successful movements in an unpredictable and varying environment. 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4945-04.2005 IS - 12 JF - J. Neurosci. EP - 3191 TI - Intrinsic Musculoskeletal Properties Stabilize Wiping Movements in the Spinalized Frog VL - 25 SP - 3181 KW - equilibrium-point KW - frog KW - non-linear KW - passive-dynamic KW - reflex KW - stability AU - Richardson, Andrew AU - Slotine, Jean-Jacques AU - Bizzi, Emilio AU - Tresch, Matthew PY - 2005/03/23/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4945 ER -