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Synaptic code for sensory modalities revealed by C. elegans GLR-1 glutamate receptor. Export

Nature, Vol. 378 (1995), pp. 82-85.

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article c06e14 caenorhabditis_elegans caenorhabditis_elegans_genetics caenorhabditis_elegans_physiology celegans c_elegans chimera elegans gene_expression glr-1 membrane_proteins_physiology movement mutation nematode nerve_tissue_proteins_physiology neurons_afferent_physiology neurons_physiology receptors_glutamate_genetics receptors_glutamate_physiology synapses_physiology touch wormbase

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How does the nervous system encode environmental stimuli as sensory experiences? Both the type (visual, olfactory, gustatory, mechanical or auditory) and the quality of a stimulus (spatial position, intensity or frequency) are represented as a neural code. Here we undertake a genetic analysis of sensory modality coding in Caenorhabditis elegans. The ASH sensory neurons respond to two distinct sensory stimuli (nose touch and osmotic stimuli). A mutation in the glr-1 (glutamate receptor) gene eliminates the response to nose touch but not to osmotic repellents. The predicted GLR-1 protein is roughly 40% identical to mammalian AMPA-class glutamate receptor (GluR) subunits. Analysis of glr-1 expression and genetic mosaics indicates that GLR-1 receptors act in synaptic targets of the ASH neurons. We propose that discrimination between the ASH sensory modalities arises from differential release of ASH neurotransmitters in response to different stimuli.


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