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Spatial mismatch or automobile mismatch? An examination of race, residence and commuting in US metropolitan areas Export

Urban Studies, Vol. 32, No. 9. (1995), pp. 1453-1473.

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This paper uses data from the metropolitan samples of the American Housing Survey in 1977-78 and 1985 to examine the commuting patterns of whites, blacks and Hispanics in US metropolitan areas, with a particular focus on the commuting patterns of workers living in predominantly minority residential areas. Overall, the commuting patterns of white and minority workers appear to be converging rather than diverging over time, even among low-skilled workers. Contrary to the spatial mismatch hypothesis, black and Hispanic workers living in minority areas had both shorter commuting distances and commuting distances that increased more slowly between 1977-78 and 1985 compared to workers in other areas. Further, a longitudinal analysis shows that the average commuting times of non-moving minority workers in predominantly minority areas decreased during the study period. No evidence is found in these commuting data to support the spatial mismatch hypothesis. -Authors


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