Shear Stress Dependent Regulation of Vascular Resistance in Health and Disease: Role of Endothelium Export

@article{citeulike:2808385, abstract = {For a long time, locally released metabolic factors from parenchymal cells and the myo-genic response of vascular smooth muscle were considered to be the two main peripheral regulatory mechanisms to control vascular resistance and thereby determining the distribution of blood flow and pressure within vascular networks of various organs of the body. However, not every change in blood flow could be satisfactorily explained by these two mechanisms. The “flow-dependent” responses of blood vessels, namely, an increase in blood flow in arteries followed by their dilation had already been observed at the beginning of this century, and perhaps even earlier, yet the nature and importance of this phenomenon in blood flow regulation was not delineated until recently. In the last two decades, especially following the recognition of the role of endothelium in the production of vasoactive factors, much new experimental evidence was gathered that suggests the general presence and importance of flow (shear stress)-dependent vascular reactivity in the regulation of organ blood flow. In this review we make an attempt to summarize the exponentially growing experimental results obtained in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that a change in wall shear stress is the underlying stimulus of flow dependent vascular phenomena, and some of the theoretical aspects and consequences of acute, “shear stress-dependent” changes in resistance in the circulation. The possible physiological and pathophysiological roles of shear stress-dependent vascular regulatory mechanisms as well as the effects of chronic increases in blood flow (shear stress) on the adaptation of blood vessels are also discussed.}, author = {Koller, Akos and Kaley, Gabor}, citeulike-article-id = {2808385}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10623329609024701}, doi = {10.3109/10623329609024701}, journal = {Endothelium}, keywords = {arterial, endothelial, endothelium, murrays\_law, resistance, shear, tree, vasodilation}, number = {4}, pages = {247--272}, posted-at = {2008-05-18 00:31:27}, priority = {5}, publisher = {Informa Healthcare}, title = {Shear Stress Dependent Regulation of Vascular Resistance in Health and Disease: Role of Endothelium}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10623329609024701}, volume = {4}, year = {1996} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:2808385 L3 - citeulike-article-id:2808385 N2 - For a long time, locally released metabolic factors from parenchymal cells and the myo-genic response of vascular smooth muscle were considered to be the two main peripheral regulatory mechanisms to control vascular resistance and thereby determining the distribution of blood flow and pressure within vascular networks of various organs of the body. However, not every change in blood flow could be satisfactorily explained by these two mechanisms. The “flow-dependent” responses of blood vessels, namely, an increase in blood flow in arteries followed by their dilation had already been observed at the beginning of this century, and perhaps even earlier, yet the nature and importance of this phenomenon in blood flow regulation was not delineated until recently. In the last two decades, especially following the recognition of the role of endothelium in the production of vasoactive factors, much new experimental evidence was gathered that suggests the general presence and importance of flow (shear stress)-dependent vascular reactivity in the regulation of organ blood flow. In this review we make an attempt to summarize the exponentially growing experimental results obtained in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that a change in wall shear stress is the underlying stimulus of flow dependent vascular phenomena, and some of the theoretical aspects and consequences of acute, “shear stress-dependent” changes in resistance in the circulation. The possible physiological and pathophysiological roles of shear stress-dependent vascular regulatory mechanisms as well as the effects of chronic increases in blood flow (shear stress) on the adaptation of blood vessels are also discussed. IS - 4 JF - Endothelium EP - 272 TI - Shear Stress Dependent Regulation of Vascular Resistance in Health and Disease: Role of Endothelium PB - Informa Healthcare VL - 4 SP - 247 KW - arterial KW - endothelial KW - endothelium KW - murrays_law KW - resistance KW - shear KW - tree KW - vasodilation AU - Koller, Akos AU - Kaley, Gabor PY - 1996/// UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10623329609024701 ER -