Does Increased Access Increase Equality? Gender and Child Health Investments in India Export

@article{citeulike:997337, abstract = {Policymakers often argue that increasing access to health care is one crucial avenue for decreasing gender inequality in the developing world. Although this is generally true in the cross section, time series evidence does not always point to the same conclusion. This paper analyzes the relationship between access to child health investments and gender inequality in those health investments in India. A simple theory of gender-biased parental investment suggests that gender inequality may actually be non-monotonically related to access to health investments. At low levels of availability, investment in girls and boys is low but equal; as availability increases, boys get investments first, creating inequality. As availability increases further, girls also receive investments and equality is restored. I test this theory using data on the relationship between gender balance in vaccinations and the availability of "Health Camps" in India. I find support for a non-monotonic relationship. This result may shed light on the contrast between the cross-sectional and time-series evidence on gender and development, and may provide guidance for health policy in developing countries.}, author = {Oster, Emily}, citeulike-article-id = {997337}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://papers.nber.org/papers/W12743}, journal = {NBER Working Paper}, keywords = {gender, health}, posted-at = {2006-12-15 17:19:04}, priority = {2}, title = {Does Increased Access Increase Equality? Gender and Child Health Investments in India}, url = {http://papers.nber.org/papers/W12743}, volume = {12743} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:997337 L3 - citeulike-article-id:997337 N2 - Policymakers often argue that increasing access to health care is one crucial avenue for decreasing gender inequality in the developing world. Although this is generally true in the cross section, time series evidence does not always point to the same conclusion. This paper analyzes the relationship between access to child health investments and gender inequality in those health investments in India. A simple theory of gender-biased parental investment suggests that gender inequality may actually be non-monotonically related to access to health investments. At low levels of availability, investment in girls and boys is low but equal; as availability increases, boys get investments first, creating inequality. As availability increases further, girls also receive investments and equality is restored. I test this theory using data on the relationship between gender balance in vaccinations and the availability of "Health Camps" in India. I find support for a non-monotonic relationship. This result may shed light on the contrast between the cross-sectional and time-series evidence on gender and development, and may provide guidance for health policy in developing countries. JF - NBER Working Paper TI - Does Increased Access Increase Equality? Gender and Child Health Investments in India VL - 12743 KW - gender KW - health AU - Oster, Emily UR - http://papers.nber.org/papers/W12743 ER -