Intrinsic brain activity sets the stage for expression of motivated behavior Export

@article{citeulike:1269701, abstract = {Research in many species has provided increasingly detailed information on relevant, primarily subcortical brain systems supporting the expression of basic appetites and drives. While basic appetites and drives are essential for adaptation and survival in any environment, they are naturally constrained by an organism's inherent biology and modulated as circumstances dictate. The brain mechanisms which serve to constrain and modulate them, however, remain much less well understood. We suggest that the manner in which such constraint and potential modulation is achieved likely involves processes that emerge from the coordinated behavior of multiple brain systems, and functional brain imaging techniques such as PET and fMRI are beginning to help us understand aspects of such coordination. In this review we argue that, in pursuit of this understanding, we must focus not only on changes evoked in brain systems during various behaviors, but also on the ongoing and very costly intrinsic activity within these systems, for the latter may be at least as important as the evoked activity in terms of brain function in general and the constraint and modulation of basic appetites and drives in particular. Distinguishing intrinsic from evoked activity in the context of functional brain imaging experiments is challenging, however. Here we review some evolving strategies for doing so. J. Comp. Neurol. 493:167-176, 2005. {\copyright} 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.}, address = {Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; Department of Neurobiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; Department of Psychology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110}, author = {Raichle, Marcus E. and Gusnard, Debra A.}, citeulike-article-id = {1269701}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.20752}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/abstract/112136890/ABSTRACT}, doi = {10.1002/cne.20752}, journal = {The Journal of Comparative Neurology}, keywords = {brain, default-mode, dynamics}, number = {1}, pages = {167--176}, posted-at = {2007-05-01 06:32:42}, priority = {0}, title = {Intrinsic brain activity sets the stage for expression of motivated behavior}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.20752}, volume = {493}, year = {2005} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:1269701 L3 - citeulike-article-id:1269701 N2 - Research in many species has provided increasingly detailed information on relevant, primarily subcortical brain systems supporting the expression of basic appetites and drives. While basic appetites and drives are essential for adaptation and survival in any environment, they are naturally constrained by an organism's inherent biology and modulated as circumstances dictate. The brain mechanisms which serve to constrain and modulate them, however, remain much less well understood. We suggest that the manner in which such constraint and potential modulation is achieved likely involves processes that emerge from the coordinated behavior of multiple brain systems, and functional brain imaging techniques such as PET and fMRI are beginning to help us understand aspects of such coordination. In this review we argue that, in pursuit of this understanding, we must focus not only on changes evoked in brain systems during various behaviors, but also on the ongoing and very costly intrinsic activity within these systems, for the latter may be at least as important as the evoked activity in terms of brain function in general and the constraint and modulation of basic appetites and drives in particular. Distinguishing intrinsic from evoked activity in the context of functional brain imaging experiments is challenging, however. Here we review some evolving strategies for doing so. J. Comp. Neurol. 493:167-176, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. IS - 1 JF - The Journal of Comparative Neurology AD - Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; Department of Neurobiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; Department of Psychology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110 EP - 176 TI - Intrinsic brain activity sets the stage for expression of motivated behavior VL - 493 SP - 167 KW - brain KW - default-mode KW - dynamics AU - Raichle, Marcus AU - Gusnard, Debra PY - 2005/// UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.20752 ER -