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Linear Fractional Recurrences: Periodicities and Integrability TeX Export

(22 Oct 2009)

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We consider k-step recurrences of the form $z_n+k = A(z)/B(z)$, where A and B are linear functions of $z_n, z_n+1, ..., z_n+k-1$, which we call k-step linear fractional recurrences. The first Theorem in this paper shows that for each k there are k-step linear fractional recurrences which are periodic of period 4k. Among this class of recurrences, there is also the so-called Lyness process, which has the form $A(z)/B(z) = (a +z_n+1 + z_n+2 + ... + z_n+k-1)/z_n$. The second Theorem shows that the Lyness process has quadratic degree growth. The Lyness process is integrable, and we discuss its known integrals.


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