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Common sequence variants in the LOXL1 gene confer susceptibility to exfoliation glaucoma.by: G. Thorleifsson, K. P. Magnusson, P. Sulem, G. B. Walters, D. F. Gudbjartsson, H. Stefansson, T. Jonsson, A. Jonasdottir, A. Jonasdottir, G. Stefansdottir, G. Masson, G. A. Hardarson, H. Petursson, A. Arnarsson, M. Motallebipour, O. Wallerman, C. Wadelius, J. R. Gulcher, U. Thorsteinsdottir, A. Kong, F. Jonasson, K. Stefansson
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AbstractGlaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness. A genome-wide search yielded multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 15q24.1 region associated with glaucoma. Further investigation revealed that the association is confined to exfoliation glaucoma (XFG). Two nonsynonymous SNPs in exon 1 of the gene LOXL1 explain the association, and the data suggest that they confer risk of XFG mainly through exfoliation syndrome (XFS). About 25% of the general population is homozygous for the highest-risk haplotype, and their risk of suffering from XFG is more than 100 times that of individuals carrying only low-risk haplotypes. The population-attributable risk is more than 99%. The product of LOXL1 catalyzes the formation of elastin fibers found to be a major component of the lesions in XFG.
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