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3GPP studies indicate that for mobile networks to be competitive for mass machine-type applications, it is important to optimize their support for the expected huge growth of connected devices due to uptake of machine-type communications. In this article we briefly describe the architectural enhancements in 3GPP systems to better facilitate machine type communication. We highlight key architectural changes, functionality of new network elements to support new features such as device triggering, packet switched subscriptions including short message service via PS domain and SMS in MME. We also describe overload control mechanisms to prevent overload situations caused by synchronous connection requests from large numbers of MTC devices to the 3GPP system. Finally, we discuss how this work is expected to evolve in future 3GPP releases.
P.29 Device triggering is supported for GSM,UMTS. MTC should be able to trigger devices which have not an IP address assigned. Currently "T4 device triggering" is only supported, whereby SMS is utilized for triggering. Further optimization including T5 device triggering will be standardized in future releases.
P.33 in a overload situation, P-GW might reject new bearer creation, MME may indicate S-GW to selectively stop DL data notification to low priority devices in idle mode. MME also indicate overload start to RAN and eNB will reject REC connection Req with LAPI for delay tolerant access. GSM can not reject RRC connections like this way, so it introduced "implicit reject" , by which UE will read a common channel for indicating an overload situation. Similar way, EAB(extended access barring) was introduced for all RATs. EAB SIB was introduced.
P.34 following mechanisms were identified to further reduce signalling traffic: set a longer timer vale for TAU/RAU/LAU; CS/PS combined attach to PS.
P.34-35 further optimizations are planned for Rel-12.
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