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Variable n-grams and extensions for conversational speech language modeling Export

Speech and Audio Processing, IEEE Transactions on In Speech and Audio Processing, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 8, No. 1. (2000), pp. 63-75.

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ngram variable

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Recent progress in variable n-gram language modeling provides an efficient representation of n-gram models and makes training of higher order n grams possible. We apply the variable n-gram design algorithm to conversational speech, extending the algorithm to learn skips and context-dependent classes to handle conversational speech characteristics such as filler words, repetitions, and other disfluencies. Experiments show that using the extended variable n-gram results in a language model that captures 4-gram context with less than half the parameters of a standard trigram while also improving the test perplexity and recognition accuracy


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